Nest structure, associated parasites and morphology of mature larvae of two European species of Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898 (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)

The bee genus Pseudoanthidium is represented by nine species in Europe. Of these species, nanum the most widespread, occurs mainly xerothermic open habitats and creates nests various cavity types. In this study, we provide information on nest structure of reed stalks oak galls about its parasitic species. We first report P. as a host Xylophrurus augustus (Ichneumonidae). biology much rarer related tenellum described here for time. This terrestrial beds wet meadows with presence flowering plants family Asteraceae rare throughout entire distribution area. inside induced Lipara frit flies, very similar to that . new bee, namely, cuckoo Stelis punctulatissima , predator-inquiline Gasteruption nigrescens two parasitoids, Leucospis biguetina Miltogramma punctata collects pollen from wetland Bidens Pulicaria also describe mature larvae both do not differ greatly one another; only shape mandibles sclerotisation mouthparts are slightly different. Further research should address ecological requirements poorly understood gall inquiline.